Network and Internet related longfrom (fullform)

 

• LAN: Local Area Network

• WAN: Wide Area Network

• MAN: Metropolitan Area Network

• WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network

• VPN: Virtual Private Network

• DNS: Domain Name System

• IP: Internet Protocol

• TCP: Transmission Control Protocol

• UDP: User Datagram Protocol

• FTP: File Transfer Protocol

• HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol

• HTTPS: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

• SSL: Secure Sockets Layer

• TLS: Transport Layer Security

• POP: Post Office Protocol

• SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

• IMAP: Internet Message Access Protocol

• VoIP: Voice over Internet Protocol

• IoT: Internet of Things

• HTML: Hypertext Markup Language

• CSS: Cascading Style Sheets

• JavaScript: a programming language used for creating interactive web applications

• API: Application Programming Interface

• URI: Uniform Resource Identifier

• URL: Uniform Resource Locator

• MAC: Media Access Control

• SSID: Service Set Identifier

• IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

• ISP: Internet Service Provider

• BGP: Border Gateway Protocol.

What is LAN network?

    LAN stands for Local Area Network. It refers to a network that is designed to connect devices within a relatively small area, such as a building, a campus, or a small geographic area.

    A LAN typically consists of a group of computers, servers, printers, and other network devices that are connected together using a variety of technologies, including Ethernet cables, wireless access points, and switches.

    LANs are commonly used in homes, small businesses, schools, and other organizations to allow devices to share resources, such as files, printers, and Internet access. LANs are also often used to facilitate communication and collaboration between different users and devices within a local area.

One of the advantages of LANs is that they are typically faster and more reliable than WANs because they have a smaller geographic area to cover and can use higher-speed technologies, such as Ethernet cables. Additionally, LANs can be more secure than WANs because they are easier to monitor and control.

LAN network example

An example of a LAN network is a home network, where devices such as computers, laptops, smartphones, printers, and other devices are connected to a common router or switch. The router is used to share the internet connection among the devices, while the switch is used to connect devices within the network.

Another example of a LAN network is a small business network, where computers, servers, printers, and other devices are connected to a local switch or router. This allows employees to share files, printers, and other resources, and collaborate more efficiently.

LANs are also commonly used in schools, libraries, hospitals, and other institutions to enable communication and data sharing between devices within a small geographic area.

Another example of a LAN is a data center, where servers and other computing devices are interconnected to support data storage, processing, and delivery. These networks often use high-speed Ethernet or fiber-optic cables to enable fast data transfer between devices.

What is WAN network?

    WAN stands for Wide Area Network. It refers to a network that covers a large geographical area, such as a city, a country, or even the entire world. WANs are used to connect devices and networks that are far apart from each other, such as different offices or data centers.

    WANs typically use a variety of technologies to connect different locations, including leased lines, satellite links, and fiber-optic cables. They also often use routing protocols to determine the best path for data to travel between different locations.

    One of the most common examples of a WAN is the Internet, which is a global network of networks that allows devices and users to communicate and exchange information from anywhere in the world. Other examples of WANs include private networks used by businesses, government agencies, and educational institutions to connect their offices and facilities in different locations.

WAN network example

    An example of a WAN network is the Internet, which is a global network that connects millions of devices and networks across the world. The Internet is the largest and most well-known example of a WAN, and it uses a variety of technologies and protocols, such as TCP/IP, DNS, and routing protocols, to enable communication and data exchange between devices and networks across different geographic locations.

    Another example of a WAN network is a private network used by a large corporation with multiple offices located in different cities or countries. In such a network, the company may use leased lines, MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching), or other technologies to connect its offices and facilities, enabling employees to share resources and collaborate seamlessly regardless of their physical location.

Other examples of WAN networks include government networks that connect different agencies and facilities across a country, academic networks that connect universities and research institutions across the world, and cloud-based networks that allow organizations to store and access data and applications from remote servers.

Hardware & Networking 25 MCQ objective question and answer list

 

1.   Which type of cable is used to connect a computer to a modem?

Answer: Ethernet cable

 

2.   What is the full form of WAN in networking?

Answer: Wide Area Network

 

3.   Which network topology has a central node or hub that all devices connect to?

Answer: Star topology

 

4.   Which type of cable is used to connect a printer to a computer?

Answer: USB cable

 

5.   What does DNS stand for in networking?

Answer: Domain Name System

 

6.   Which type of address is used to uniquely identify a device on a network?

Answer: IP address

 

7.   What is the maximum data transfer rate of SATA III?

Answer: 6 Gbps

 

8.   Which type of network uses radio waves to connect devices?

Answer: Wireless network

 

9.   Which type of network topology connects devices in a circle?

Answer: Ring topology

 

10.                     Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for routing and forwarding data between networks?

Answer: Layer 3 (Network layer)

 

11.                     Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for error detection and correction?

Answer: Layer 2 (Data link layer)

 

12.                     Which protocol is used to transfer files between computers on a network?

Answer: FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

 

13.                     Which type of device is used to connect multiple computers on a LAN?

Answer: Switch

 

14.                     Which type of cable is used to connect a computer to a router in a LAN?

Answer: Ethernet cable

 

15.                     Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for establishing, maintaining, and terminating connections between devices?

Answer: Layer 4 (Transport layer)

 

16.                     Which protocol is used to send email over the internet?

Answer: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

 

17.                     Which type of cable is used to connect a modem to a telephone line?

Answer: RJ-11 cable

 

18.                     Which type of device is used to connect multiple networks together?

Answer: Router

 

19.                     What is the maximum data transfer rate of HDMI 2.0?

Answer: 18 Gbps

 

20.                     Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for providing services to applications?

Answer: Layer 7 (Application layer)

 

21.                     Which protocol is used to access web pages on the internet?

Answer: HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

 

22.                     Which type of cable is used to connect a monitor to a computer?

Answer: VGA cable

 

23.                     What is the full form of FTP in networking?

Answer: File Transfer Protocol

 

24.                     Which type of address is used to identify a device on a LAN?

Answer: MAC address

 

25.                     Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for encoding and decoding data into bits for transmission over a network?

Answer: Layer 1 (Physical layer)

What is an IP address?

An IP address, or Internet Protocol address, is a unique numerical identifier assigned to every device that is connected to the internet. This includes computers, smartphones, tablets, servers, and any other device that can communicate over the internet.

IP addresses are used to identify and locate devices on the internet, allowing data to be transmitted between them. They are composed of four sets of numbers separated by periods, such as 192.168.0.1. There are two main types of IP addresses: IPv4 and IPv6. IPv4 addresses are 32-bit numbers and are currently the most common type of IP address. IPv6 addresses are 128-bit numbers and are designed to eventually replace IPv4 addresses.

IP addresses are typically assigned dynamically by an internet service provider (ISP) when a device connects to the internet. However, devices can also be assigned a static IP address, which does not change over time and is useful for certain types of applications such as web servers or remote access.

MCQ 15 questions and answers related to INTERNET

 

1. What does the acronym HTTP stand for?

A. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

B. Hyperlink Text Transfer Protocol

C. Hyper Text Terminal Protocol

D. High Transfer Time Protocol

 

Answer: A. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

 

2. What does the acronym IP stand for?

A. Internet Provider

B. Internet Protocol

C. Internet Protection

D. Internet Power

 

Answer: B. Internet Protocol

 

3. What is the primary function of a web browser?

A. To search for websites

B. To display web pages

C. To create web pages

D. To download files

 

Answer: B. To display web pages

 

4. Which of the following is not a popular web browser?

A. Google Chrome

B. Safari

C. Mozilla Firefox

D. Microsoft Word

 

Answer: D. Microsoft Word

 

5. What is the purpose of a firewall?

A. To block unwanted traffic from entering a network

B. To speed up internet connections

C. To encrypt data transmissions

D. To create a secure VPN connection

 

Answer: A. To block unwanted traffic from entering a network

 

6. What is the maximum number of characters allowed in a domain name?

A. 20

B. 63

C. 128

D. 256

 

Answer: B. 63

 

7. What is the purpose of a URL?

A. To identify a website

B. To download files

C. To encrypt data

D. To send emails

 

Answer: A. To identify a website

 

8. Which of the following is not a type of internet connection?

A. Dial-up

B. DSL

C. Fiber-optic

D. DVD

 

Answer: D. DVD

 

9. Which of the following is not a popular social media platform?

A. Facebook

B. Twitter

C. Instagram

D. Amazon

 

Answer: D. Amazon

 

10. What is the purpose of a search engine?

A. To find and display websites related to a specific search term

B. To protect user data

C. To block websites with inappropriate content

D. To create a secure VPN connection

 

Answer: A. To find and display websites related to a specific search term

 

11. What is the purpose of an IP address?

A. To identify a device on a network

B. To display web pages

C. To create a website

D. To download files

 

Answer: A. To identify a device on a network

 

12. Which of the following is not a type of internet protocol?

A. TCP

B. FTP

C. HTTP

D. PDF

 

Answer: D. PDF

 

13. What is the purpose of a cookie?

A. To store website preferences and login information

B. To block unwanted traffic from entering a network

C. To encrypt data transmissions

D. To create a secure VPN connection

 

Answer: A. To store website preferences and login information

 

14. What is the purpose of a DNS server?

A. To translate domain names into IP addresses

B. To block unwanted traffic from entering a network

C. To encrypt data transmissions

D. To create a secure VPN connection

 

Answer: A. To translate domain names into IP addresses

 

15. What is the purpose of a hyperlink?

A. To connect one web page to another

B. To block unwanted traffic from entering a network

C. To encrypt data transmissions

D. To create a secure VPN connection

 

Answer: A. To connect one web page to another

Uses of Computer Networks

 

Computer networks have many uses in today's world, including:

1.  File sharing :- Networks enable users to share files and documents with each other, regardless of their physical location. This is especially useful for businesses with remote employees or for individuals who work from home.

2.  Communication :- Networks allow users to communicate with each other in real-time using messaging, video conferencing, and other collaboration tools.

3.  Internet access :- Networks provide access to the Internet, which is essential for many businesses and individuals for research, communication, and entertainment purposes.

4.  Resource sharing :- Networks allow users to share resources such as printers, scanners, and storage devices, which can save money and increase efficiency.

5.  Remote access :- Networks allow users to access resources and data from remote locations, which is essential for remote workers and traveling employees.

6.  Cloud computing :- Networks enable users to access cloud-based services such as software applications and data storage, which can be accessed from anywhere with an internet connection.

7.  Security :- Networks can be used to implement security measures such as firewalls and antivirus software, which help protect devices and data from external threats.

Overall, computer networks are essential for enabling communication, collaboration, and resource sharing in today's connected world. Networks enable individuals and businesses to work more efficiently and effectively, and are an essential component of modern computing and telecommunications.

Computer Network Information

 

A computer network is a group of interconnected devices that can communicate and exchange data with each other. Networks can be classified into different types based on their size and scope, including:

1.   Local Area Network (LAN) :- A LAN is a network that connects devices in a small geographic area, such as an office building, home, or school. LANs typically use Ethernet cables, Wi-Fi, or both to connect devices.

2.   Wide Area Network (WAN) :- A WAN is a network that connects devices over a large geographic area, such as multiple buildings or cities. WANs typically use leased lines, satellite links, or the Internet to connect devices.

3.   Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) :- A MAN is a network that connects devices in a specific geographic area, such as a city or town. MANs are typically used by organizations to connect multiple LANs.

4.   Personal Area Network (PAN) :- A PAN is a network that connects personal devices in close proximity to each other, such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops. PANs typically use Bluetooth or Wi-Fi to connect devices.

Networks can also be classified based on their topology, or the physical arrangement of devices and cables. Common topologies include:

1.   Bus topology :- Devices are connected to a single cable, or bus, that runs the length of the network.

2.   Star topology :- Devices are connected to a central hub or switch, which manages the network traffic.

3.   Ring topology -: Devices are connected in a circular fashion, with data flowing in one direction around the ring.

4.   Mesh topology :- Devices are connected to each other in a complex, redundant network that can provide high reliability and fault tolerance.

In addition to these classifications, networks can also be characterized by their protocols, or the rules and standards that govern how devices communicate with each other. Common network protocols include Ethernet, TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, and DNS.

Overall, computer networks are essential for enabling communication and data exchange between devices, and play a critical role in modern computing and telecommunications.